Nutrition for children with autism: understanding the difficulties and discovering solutions
The connection between nutrition and autism – why is it important?
Did you know that nutrition plays a significant role in the lives of both children and adults on the autism spectrum?
Recent studies show that the connection between nutrition and autism is deeper than we once thought.
In this article, I’ll walk you through — in a clear and simple way — how diet can impact the quality of life for individuals with autism, which nutritional deficiencies are most common, what signs to look out for, and which dietary approaches are commonly used in autism support.
Autism & Nutrition: The Hidden Struggles Behind the Plate
One of the common characteristics in children on the autism spectrum is difficulty around food.
According to a study published in Frontiers in Pediatrics (source), children with autism experience five times more mealtime challenges compared to neurotypical children.
These may include:
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Extreme food selectivity (eating only a very limited number of foods)
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Preference for specific textures only
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Rigid rituals around meals
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Sensitivity to smells, tastes, colors, or textures
In addition, digestive issues such as constipation, diarrhea, or bloating are common and may further impair the absorption of essential nutrients from food.
Other eating patterns to pay attention to
Children who continue to need formula at a later age
In some cases, children on the autism spectrum continue to rely primarily on formula well beyond the age when most children are already eating solid foods.
This delayed transition is not just a technical issue — it can lead to significant challenges:
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Long-term dependence on formula limits exposure to diverse textures, flavors, and nutrients, potentially causing deficiencies in fiber, iron, zinc, and essential fatty acids.
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Eating solid foods activates the muscles of the mouth, tongue, and cheeks — all essential for proper speech development.
Delayed experience with textures and chewing movements can slow language development and fine motor skills.
The good news:
Even if the transition to solids feels extremely difficult, it’s possible to help children progress.
With a gradual process, proper professional guidance, and support for digestive health, many children begin to expand their food variety — while also strengthening their overall development.
Tendency to eat empty carbohydrates
Many children on the autism spectrum tend to consume more simple carbohydrates such as chips, snacks, and white bread.
This type of diet may indicate an overgrowth of yeast (such as Candida) in the digestive system.
Advanced lab tests can help identify this imbalance, and based on the results, a targeted nutritional plan can be developed to support better gut health and overall well-being.
Food pickiness and restricted eating
Food selectivity is very common among children on the autism spectrum, and in some cases, it becomes so extreme that the child eats only a very limited range of foods — sometimes as few as five to ten fixed items.
The reasons for this can vary and may include:
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Sensory sensitivity to the texture, smell, or appearance of food
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A strong need for routine and predictability
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Negative past experiences related to food
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Difficulties in sensory processing
When such a limited diet continues over time, it can lead to nutritional imbalances — increasing the risk of deficiencies in essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fiber. This, in turn, can impair healthy development of both body and brain.
The good news: food selectivity is not a fixed condition.
With a gradual process, building trust around mealtimes, structured and gentle exposure to new foods, and the support of personalized nutritional supplements, it's possible to significantly expand the variety of foods children are willing to eat.
Even children who seem completely “closed off” to new foods can begin to open up — with the right, consistent, and patient guidance.
Binge drinking
Some children consume unusually large amounts of water — sometimes over three liters a day.
Excessive water intake can dilute essential minerals such as sodium and potassium, potentially affecting the function of the heart, nervous system, and overall body balance.
It’s important to take this behavior seriously, explore its underlying cause, and address it gradually with proper support.
Drinking sweet juices instead of water
Some children on the autism spectrum struggle to drink plain water and prefer only sweetened juices — and that’s completely understandable, especially when their sense of taste is highly sensitive.
However, consuming large amounts of juice leads to high intake of simple sugars, which can promote yeast overgrowth (like Candida), weaken the immune system, worsen digestive issues, and even harm dental health.
It’s also important to know that artificial sweeteners are not a healthy alternative — they may disrupt gut microbiome balance and negatively impact overall health.
The good news: you don’t have to change everything overnight.
With the right support, gradual exposure, and creative strategies, many children can adapt to drinking plain water over time, while greatly reducing their reliance on sweet drinks.
Avoiding dietary fiber intake
Many children consume a diet high in processed, low-fiber foods — such as “white” products and snacks — while avoiding fruits and vegetables.
This imbalance harms the population of beneficial gut bacteria, often leading to constipation and digestive issues.
Moreover, a large portion of key neurotransmitters — including dopamine and serotonin — is produced in the gut.
When gut function is impaired, it’s no surprise that these children often experience attention difficulties, mood swings, irritability, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and low motivation.
The importance of omega-3 in children on the spectrum
Omega-3, particularly the fatty acids EPA and DHA, plays a vital role in brain development and regulation of inflammation in the body.
Studies have found that children on the autism spectrum tend to have lower blood levels of omega-3 compared to neurotypical children — a factor that may affect cognitive function, communication, emotional regulation, and nervous system health.
A research review published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (source) found that omega-3 supplementation in children with autism led to mild improvements in social communication and behavior, although larger studies are still needed to confirm these findings.
Regular intake of omega-3-rich foods — such as fatty fish (salmon, mackerel, sardines) — or a high-quality supplement may support brain function and help improve overall quality of life.
⚠️ It's important to note that choosing the right omega-3 supplement requires individual adjustment, especially in children with sensitivities or digestive issues.
Consulting with a qualified professional is recommended before starting any supplementation.
Difficulty digesting milk and gluten
Some children have difficulty properly breaking down proteins such as gluten (from wheat) and casein (from dairy products).
When these proteins aren't fully digested, large molecules can enter the bloodstream — triggering inflammatory responses in the body.
This condition can be evaluated using a simple urine test, which helps identify whether undigested protein fragments may be contributing to inflammation or other symptoms.
Food sensitivity
Some children develop sensitivity reactions to common foods, which can lead to chronic inflammation and ongoing stress on the body.
Today, it’s possible to perform a simple finger-prick blood test that checks reactions to 190 different foods.
The results allow for creating a personalized nutrition plan, while also working to support gut health and reduce sensitivities — so that, over time, many of these foods can often be reintroduced gradually.
Problems with consuming food additives
Children on the autism spectrum are often sensitive not only to specific food components, but also to additives commonly found in processed foods.
Substances like monosodium glutamate (MSG), artificial food colorings, preservatives, stabilizers, and even synthetic vitamin and mineral additives can place stress on the digestive system, trigger immune responses, and worsen behavioral, emotional, and sensory symptoms.
For example:
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MSG has been shown to increase brain overstimulation and has been linked to emotional outbursts and difficulty with emotional regulation.
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Certain artificial food dyes have been associated with increased hyperactivity and attention problems, even in the general population.
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Synthetic nutrient additives may, in some cases, be poorly absorbed or place a burden on the immune system — especially when not individually tailored.
A gradual transition to natural, fresh, and simple foods can make a significant difference — not only improving physical health, but also supporting better mood, focus, and daily functioning in children.
Children who associate food with a specific environment
Another common phenomenon among children on the autism spectrum is a strong association between a specific food and a specific place — for example, a child who will eat schnitzel only from one particular restaurant, or pasta only when served by a certain family member or in a familiar setting.
This association stems from a deep need for stability, routine, and predictability. For the child, the food, location, smell, and overall atmosphere together create a familiar and safe “set.”
While this habit may provide temporary comfort, it can make it harder to diversify the diet and may lead to long-term severe food restrictions.
In such cases, it's important to work gradually — for instance, introducing the same food at home while maintaining as many familiar elements as possible (like the same plate, utensils, or style of serving).
If your child is fixated on a certain food, refuses to try new tastes, or will only eat in a specific place — know that this is not a life sentence.
With patience, a well-structured step-by-step process, and a deep understanding of the sensory and emotional challenges behind the behavior, it's possible to help children open up, expand their food variety, and build a more positive relationship with food.
Children who, even at age 8 or 10, are still extremely selective eaters can — with the right support — become adventurous eaters.
It may sound hard to believe, but I’ve seen it happen with my own eyes!
Children who eat at daycare but refuse to eat at home
An interesting and common phenomenon among children on the autism spectrum (and among children in general) is when a child is willing to eat certain foods at preschool, but refuses to touch those same foods at home.
The explanation often lies in the influence of the environment:
At preschool, there’s a group dynamic, modeling from other children, a structured routine, and an expected level of participation.
At home, however, the child feels more freedom to express resistance, sensory sensitivities may surface, or they simply fall back into familiar habits and associations related to food.
This situation can be frustrating for parents ("He eats it at school — why not at home?"), but it's important to understand that this is completely natural — and it can be worked on.
By creating a calm mealtime atmosphere, maintaining clear routines, and using gentle, positive exposure techniques, it’s possible to help the child transfer the accepted preschool foods into the home setting as well.
The connection between nutrition and intestinal permeability and leaky gut
Studies indicate that some children with autism may experience increased intestinal permeability, a condition commonly known as “leaky gut.”
In this state, undigested proteins, toxins, and bacteria-derived molecules can pass from the digestive tract into the bloodstream — potentially triggering immune responses and impacting brain and nervous system function.
A 2022 study published in Neuroscience Bulletin found that elevated gut permeability in children with autism is associated with the entry of bacterial toxins into the bloodstream, leading to increased inflammation that may affect behavior and development.
(Click here to read the full study.)
A diet high in processed foods, sugars, artificial colors, and preservatives can worsen intestinal permeability.
In contrast, a natural diet rich in fiber, antioxidants, and fermented foods may help restore gut lining integrity, reduce inflammation, and support a healthier gut microbiome.
How can intestinal permeability be tested?
A reliable and up-to-date test for evaluating the integrity of the intestinal lining is the GI-MAP — an advanced stool analysis performed using molecular (PCR) techniques.
One of the key markers assessed in this test is zonulin, a protein that regulates intestinal permeability.
Elevated zonulin levels in the GI-MAP may indicate leaky gut — a disruption in the gut barrier function.
Early detection of high zonulin levels allows for the creation of a targeted treatment plan that includes gut lining repair through personalized nutrition, natural supplements, and microbiome support.
We include this test as part of the diagnostic and treatment process.
Good to know
Yes — and it’s highly recommended — to address nutritional challenges in children with autism!
Nutrition is the fuel for both the body and the brain, and when the diet is unbalanced, all systems are affected.
Many parents worry that making dietary changes is nearly impossible — but in my clinic, I’ve seen time and again that this fear is not justified.
With the right combination of parental guidance, a gradual dietary plan, and personalized nutritional supplements, most children are able to significantly improve their diet and become more open to trying new foods.
Common feeding styles for children on the spectrum
In recent years, there has been growing recognition that personalized nutrition can significantly impact the quality of life for children with autism.
Several dietary approaches have been researched in this context and are now being implemented around the world.
It’s important to remember that every child is unique, and what works for one may not be suitable for another — which is why professional guidance is recommended when tailoring a nutritional plan.
GAPS Diet -Gut and Psychology Syndrome
The GAPS diet (Gut and Psychology Syndrome) was originally developed by Dr. Natasha Campbell-McBride, based on the understanding that a compromised digestive system ("leaky gut") can affect brain function and behavior.
This diet eliminates processed foods, sugars, gluten-containing grains, and processed dairy, focusing instead on natural, easily digestible foods such as bone broths, steamed vegetables, naturally fermented foods, and small amounts of fruit.
According to clinical reports, some children who followed the GAPS diet experienced improvements in digestion, sleep, behavior, and concentration.
⚠️ Important note about the GAPS diet:
This is a deep and complex process, and it’s not suitable for every child. It should always be implemented with professional supervision and personalized adaptation.
Gluten-free and casein-free diet (GFCF Diet)
A gluten-free and casein-free (GFCF) diet is one of the oldest and most widely used nutritional approaches in the management of autism.
This approach is based on the understanding that some children may not properly break down gluten (a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye) and casein (a protein found in dairy products).
Partially digested protein fragments may enter the bloodstream, affecting the central nervous system and potentially worsening symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, abdominal pain, and mood swings.
Some children who adhered to this diet have reported improvements in behavior, social interaction, and emotional balance.
🧪 Can this be tested?
Before starting a gluten- and casein-free diet, you can perform a simple, non-invasive urine test that detects whether undigested gluten and casein peptides are present in the body.
This test can provide helpful insight and guide the decision on whether to implement dietary changes.
✅ How to implement the GFCF diet:
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Replace regular bread with gluten-free alternatives
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Use plant-based milk (such as almond, coconut, or rice milk) instead of cow’s milk
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Carefully read food labels to check for hidden gluten or dairy in processed foods
⚠️ Important note:
This dietary change should be made gradually and with professional guidance to avoid nutritional deficiencies and ensure the diet remains balanced, varied, and nourishing.
Can nutrition improve autism symptoms?
Let's take a look at some studies
Link between chicken and beef consumption and autism risk
A new 2024 study published in Frontiers in Nutrition ( source ) found a link between chicken and beef consumption and a reduced risk of autism. The possible reason is important nutrients such as essential amino acids and iron.
These dietary supplements have been found to improve behavioral symptoms
A 2022 systematic review found that antioxidants, probiotics, prebiotics, camel milk, and vitamin D may help reduce inflammation and improve behavioral symptoms in children with autism.
Link to the study: PubMed.
Research on the risks of poor nutrition
A 2024 case report describes a 12-year-old boy with autism who lost his vision due to a highly restrictive diet consisting mainly of hamburgers and doughnuts, which led to severe deficiencies in vitamins A, C, D, copper, and zinc.
Link to the article: The Sun
Poor nutrition affects the gut microbiome
An Australian 2021 study found that children with autism tend to have restricted and low-quality diets, which leads to reduced gut microbiome diversity. The researchers suggest that changes in the microbiome are a result of eating habits, not a cause of autism (uwa.edu.au).
Link to article: WIRED
Study: GFCF diet may improve social behavior
A study published in 2022 found that gluten- and casein-free diets may improve social behavior and help reduce key symptoms of autism.
Link to the study: Frontiers
Case story from the clinic: Shira (real girl, fictitious name)
A few months ago, I began working at the clinic with Shira (a pseudonym), a sweet 2.5-year-old girl diagnosed on the autism spectrum.
When she first came to me, Shira was almost entirely dependent on formula. She had significant developmental delays, frequent constipation, and noticeable nutritional deficiencies.
Her parents were deeply concerned and unsure whether progress was even possible.
Through a gentle and respectful process, carefully tailored to her individual pace, we gradually helped Shira begin trying new foods and transition to a varied diet that no longer relied on formula.
Today, Shira makes meaningful eye contact, seeks physical closeness, spontaneously dances to music, initiates play with her brother, and even shows natural jealousy toward her baby sister — emotions and behaviors that weren’t present before.
Even more remarkably, the breath-holding episodes she experienced during crying have completely disappeared following the nutritional improvements.
The moment Shira reached out and touched her father's back to connect with him — we knew it wasn’t just her diet that had changed.
It was her whole world that opened up. 🌸
Is nutrition alone enough?
Nutritional improvement is one of the most powerful and impactful steps in supporting the development of children on the autism spectrum.
However, in many cases — especially when there are significant deficiencies, absorption issues, or chronic inflammation — diet alone may not be enough.
For some children with autism, there’s a need to incorporate targeted nutritional supplements, such as high-quality omega-3, probiotics, and specific vitamins and minerals, in order to fill in the gaps, restore balance, and support developmental progress, emotional regulation, and daily functioning.
The selection and dosage of supplements must be highly personalized, based on lab tests and an individual assessment of each child’s needs.
If you feel that diet alone isn’t enough for your child, I invite you to reach out for personalized professional guidance.
Together, we’ll create a supportive process that combines the right nutrition, precisely chosen supplements, and gentle parental coaching — so your child can grow, thrive, and reach their full potential.
Want to know more about nutrition adapted to autism?
If you're facing challenges around eating, drinking, or digestive health — you’re not alone.
Have you ever wondered:
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Could nutrition be affecting my child’s behavior and progress?
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Does excessive drinking or extreme pickiness hint at a deeper issue?
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How can we improve quality of life through a natural, nutrition-based approach?
If any of these questions resonate with you, I invite you to reach out for personalized guidance.
Together, through the "Growing Forward" process, we’ll create a nutritional plan that respects your child’s unique needs — and leads to real improvements in health, development, and everyday well-being. 🌟
A little about me
My name is Netta Peleg-Gerad. I hold a Master’s degree and have been a certified naturopath since 2017.
Over the years, I’ve had the privilege of guiding over 100 children and young people on the autism spectrum using a natural, precise approach that combines personalized nutrition, advanced lab testing (local and international), targeted supplements, and ongoing support for parents.
I believe that every child deserves the chance to thrive — and that personalized nutrition, love, and patience can truly work wonders.
My journey with each family is personal, calm, and respectful — one step at a time — based on a deep belief that every child has the right and the ability to grow, progress, and uncover their full potential.
Sometimes, one small conversation can open a big door.
If you feel there might be another way forward for your child, I warmly invite you to schedule a free, no-obligation introductory call.
During the call, we’ll get to know each other, understand your child’s unique needs, and explore how we can support their development through a gentle, natural, and tailored approach.
What do they say about me?
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קורס מעמיק בטיפול באוטיזם בשיטת הרפואה הפונקציונלית